1. Functions 2. Reference Model 3. Input/Output Data
4. Functions of AI Modules 5. Input/output Data of AI Modules 6. AIW, AIMs, and JSON Metadata

1. Functions

The Back End gathers AIH Data from End Users and acts as both a brokerage gateway between the entities requesting access to the AIH Data and those providing it. The Back End grants Rights without referring to the identity of the End Users who have provided the Health Data as long as Health Data is licensed by Smart Contracts registered on the Block Chain.

The Back End implements the following functionalities:

  1. Securely store, de-identify and anonymise Health Data.
  2. Authentication and access control to Health Data.
  3. Receive and store licensed Health Data.
  4. License access to Health Data.
  5. Receive requests and process Health Data through the AI Framework.
  6. Perform Federated Learning services to update Font-Ends.
  7. Upload and download AIMs from the MPAI Store.
  8. Communicates with the Blockchain.

2. Reference Model

Figure 1 depicts the Reference Architecture of the Health Back End (AIH-HBE).

Figure 1 – Reference Model of the Health Back End (AIH-HBE) AIW

This is the flow of operation of the Health Back End (AIH-GBE) AIW Reference Model:

  1. Register
    1. A User wishing to access the Back End, sends a Registration Request containing Personal Profile and Service list.
    2. Health Back End provides the Tokens enabling the User to access the corresponding Services.
  2. Store AIH Data
    1. User uploads AIH Data if Token is available.
    2. HBE Data Processing
      1. Extracts the Model Licence from AIH Data.
      2. Issues a Blockchain Licence Request to the Blockchain.
    3. Blockchain
      1. Converts Model Licence to a Smart Contract.
      2. Responds with a Blockchain Licence Response.
    4. HBE Data Processing
      1. Attaches Blockchain Licence ID ro AIH Data, if Licence Response containg Licence ID.
      2. Stores AIH Data in Secure Storage
  3. DIA AIH Data
    1. User sends a DIA Request, if DIA Service Token is available.
    2. HBE Data Processing
      1. Retrieves relevant AIH Data from Secure Storage.
      2. (Pseudo-)Anonymises AIH Data.
      3. Stores (Pseudo-)Anonymised AIH Data back to Secure Storage.
      4. Responds with a DIA Response.
  4. Process AIH Data
    1. User sends AIH Process Request.
    2. HBE Data Processing sends a Licence Confirm Request to the Blockchain.
    3. Blockchain responds with a Licence Confirm Response.
    4. HBE Data Processing
      1. Performs the requested Processing, if this is included in the Licence.
      2. Stores the Processed AIH Data.
      3. Responds with an AI Data Process Response.
  5. Audit
    1. User sends Audit Request.
    2. Auditing
      1. Retrieves relevant Confirmation Responses.
      2. Responds with Audit Response.
  6. Federated Learning
    1. Federated Learning sends Federated Learning Request to to all Health Front Ends.
    2. Health Front Ends provide the NN Models.
    3. Federated Learning
      1. Develops and upload the new NN Model to the MPAI Store.
      2. Sends Federated Learning Response to Health Front Ends.
    4.  Front Ends download the new NN Model from the MPAI Store.

3. Input/Output Data

Table 1 specifies the Input and Output Data.

Table 1 – I/O Data of Health Back End

Input Description
Register Request User’s request to Register
User Profile Registering User’s Personal Profile
AIH Data Store Request User’s request to Store AIH Data
Blockchain Licence Request HBE Data Processing’s Request to provide ID of Licence based on Model Licence
De-ID and Anonym Request User’s request to De-Identify and Anonymise AIH Data.
AIH Data Process Request User’s request to Process AIH Data.
Confirm Request User’s request that a specific Processing on specific AIH Data is allowed by Licence.
Audit Request User’s request to Audit Processing of AIH Data.
Federated Learn Request HBE’s request to End User to produce NN Model.
Input Description
Register Response HBE’s Response to Registration Request.
Tokens Set of Tokens to access specific Services
AIH Data Store Response HBE Data Processing’s response to Store Request.
Blockchain Licence Response Blockchain’s response to Blockchain Licence Request.
De-ID and Anonym Response HBE Data Processing’s response to DIA Request.
AIH Data Process Response HBE Data Processing’s response to User’s AIH Data Processing Request.
Confirm Response Blockchain response to a request that a specific Processing on specific AIH Data is allowed by Licence
Audit Response User’s request to Audit AIH Data for Processing.
Federated Learn Response Health Front End’s response to Federated Learning Request.

4. Functions of AI Modules

Table 2 specifies the Function of the AI Modules.

Table 2 – Functions of Health Back End AI Modules

AI Module Description
HBE Data Processing Processes AIH Data
Auditing Enables End User to monitor the use of their AIH Data.
Health Federated Learning Performs Federated Learning of Front Ends’ NN Model.

5. Input/output Data of AI Modules

Table 3 specifies the Function of the AI Modules.

Table 3 – Functions of Health Back End AI Modules

AI Module Receives Produces
HBE Data Processing Register Request Register Response
User Profile Tokens
AIH Data Store Request AIH Data Store Response
Blockchain License Request Blockchain License Response
De-ID and Anonym Request De-ID and Anonym Response
AIH Data Process Request AIH Data Process Response
Confirm Response Confirm Request
Auditing Audit Request Audit Response
Confirm Response Confirm Request
Federated Learning Federated Learn Response NN Model
Federated Learn Response

6. AIW, AIMs, and JSON Metadata

Table 4 provides the links to the AIW and AIM specifications and to the JSON syntaxes. AIMs/1 indicates that the column contains Composite AIMs and AIMs indicates that the column contains their Basic AIMs.

Table 4 – AIW, AIMs, and JSON Metadata

AIW AIMs Name JSON
AIH-HBE Health Back End X
AIH-BDP HBE Data Processing X
AIH-ADT Auditing X
AIH-HFL Health Federated Learning X