1. Definition
Emotion is a Factor of Personal Status representing the internal state of an Entity such as that results from its interaction with the Context, such as “Angry”, “Sad”, “Determined”.
2. Functional Requirements
Emotion can be expressed via several Modalities: Text, Speech, Face, and Gestures. (Other Modalities, such as body posture, may be handled in future MPAI Versions.)
Within a given Modality, Emotion can be analysed and interpreted via various Descriptors. For example, when expressed via Speech, the elements may be expressed through combinations of such features as prosody (pitch, rhythm, and volume variations); separable speech effects (such as degrees of voice tension, breathiness, etc.); and vocal gestures (laughs, sobs, etc.).
Emotion is represented by a standard set of labels and associated semantics by two tables:
- A Label Set Table containing descriptive labels relevant to the Factor in a three-level format:
- The CATEGORIES column specifies the relevant categories using nouns (e.g., “AN-GER”).
- The GENERAL ADJECTIVAL column gives adjectival labels for general or basic la-bels within a category (e.g., “angry”).
- The SPECIFIC ADJECTIVAL column gives more specific (sub-categorised) labels in the relevant category (e.g., “furious”).
- A Label Semantics Table providing the semantics for each label in the GENERAL AD-JECTIVAL and SPECIFIC ADJECTIVAL columns of the Label Set Table. For example, for “angry” the semantic gloss is “emotion due to perception of physical or emotional damage or threat.”
Table 1 gives the standardised three-level Basic Emotion Set partly based on Paul Eckman [19].
Table 1 – Basic Emotion Label Set
EMOTION CATEGORIES | GENERAL ADJECTIVAL | SPECIFIC ADJECTIVAL |
ANGER | angry | furious irritated frustrated |
CALMNESS | calm | peaceful/serene resigned |
DISGUST | disgusted | repulsed |
FEAR | fearful/scared | terrified anxious/uneasy |
HAPPINESS | happy | joyful content delighted amused |
HURT | hurt jealous |
insulted/offended resentful/disgruntled bitter |
PRIDE/SHAME | proud ashamed |
guilty/remorseful/sorry embarrassed |
RETROSPECTION | nostalgic | homesick |
SADNESS | sad | lonely grief-stricken depressed/gloomy disappointed |
Table 2 provides the semantics for each label in the GENERAL ADJECTIVAL and SPECIFIC ADJECTIVAL columns above.
Table 2 – Basic Emotion Semantics Set
ID | Emotion | Meaning |
1 | amused | positive emotion combined with interest (cognitive state) |
2 | angry | emotion due to perception of physical or emotional damage or threat |
3 | anxious/uneasy | low or medium degree of fear, often continuing rather than instant |
4 | ashamed | emotion due to awareness of violating social or moral norms |
5 | bitter | persistently angry due to disappointment or perception of hurt or injury |
6 | calm | relatively lacking emotion |
7 | content | medium or low degree of happiness, continuing rather than instant |
8 | delighted | high degree of happiness, often combined with surprise |
9 | depressed/
gloomy |
high degree of sadness, continuing rather than instant, combined with lethargy (see AROUSAL) |
10 | disappointed | sadness due to failure of desired outcome |
11 | disgusted | emotion due to urge to avoid, often due to unpleasant perception or disapproval |
12 | embarrassed | shame due to consciousness of violation of social conventions |
13 | fearful/scared | emotion due to anticipation of physical or emotional pain or other undesired event or events |
14 | frustrated | angry due to failure of desired outcome |
15 | furious | high degree of angry |
16 | grief-stricken | sadness due to loss of an important social contact |
17 | happy | positive emotion, often continuing rather than instant |
18 | homesick | sad due to absence from home |
19 | hurt | emotion due to perception that others have caused social pain or embarrassment |
20 | insulted/offended | emotion due to perception that one has been improperly treated socially |
21 | irritated | low or medium degree of angry |
22 | jealous | emotion due to perception that others are more fortunate or successful |
23 | joyful | high degree of happiness, often due to a specific event |
24 | repulsed | high degree of disgusted |
25 | lonely | sad due to insufficient social contact |
26 | mortified | high degree of embarrassment |
27 | nostalgic | emotion associated with pleasant memories, usually of long before |
28 | peaceful/serene | calm combined with low degree of happiness |
29 | proud | emotion due to perception of positive social standing |
30 | resentful/disgruntled | emotion due to perception that one has been improperly treated |
31 | resigned | calm due to acceptance of failure of desired outcome, often combined with low degree of sadness |
32 | sad | negative emotion, often continuing rather than instant, often associated with a specific event |
33 | terrified | high degree of fear |
These sets have been compiled in the interests of basic cooperation and coordination among AIM submitters and vendors complemented by a procedure whereby AIM submitters may propose extended or alternate sets for their purposes.
An Implementer wishing to extend or replace a Label Set Table for Emotion is requested to do the following:
- Create a new Label Set Table where:
- Proposed additions are clearly marked (in case of extension).
- b. All the elements of the Emotion and levels (up to 3) are listed (in case of replacement).
- Create a new Label Semantics Table where the semantics of elements of the Emotion is:
- Added to the semantics of the existing Emotion (in case of extension).
- Provided (in case of replacement).
The submitted semantics should have a level of detail comparable to the semantics given in the current Label Semantics Table.
- Submit both tables to the MPAI Secretariat.
The appropriate MPAI Development Committee will examine the proposed extension or replacement. Only the adequacy of the proposed new tables in terms of clarity and completeness will be considered. In case the new tables are not clear or complete, a revision of the tables will be requested.
The accepted Emotion Set will be identified as proposed by the submitter and reviewed by the appropriate MPAI Committee and posted to the MPAI web site.
The versioning system is based on a name – MPAI for MPAI-generated versions or “organisation name” for the proposing organisation – with a suffix m.n where m indicates the version and n indicated the subversion.
3. Syntax
https://schemas.mpai.community/MMC/V2.2/data/Emotion.json
4. Semantics
Label | Size | Description |
Header | N1 Bytes | Entity Emotion Header |
– Standard-EntityEmotion | 9 Bytes | The characters “CAE-EEM-V” |
– Version | N2 Bytes | Major version – 1 or 2 characters |
– Dot-separator | 1 Byte | The character “.” |
– Subversion | N3 Bytes | Minor version – 1 or 2 characters |
MInstanceID | N4 Bytes | Identifier of M-Instance. |
EntityEmotionID | N5 Bytes | Identifier of the Emotion. |
EntityEmotionSpaceTime | N7 Bytes | Space-Time info of Emotion |
EntityEmotionData | N8 Bytes | Data associated to Emotion. |
– FusedEmotion | N9 Bytes | Integrated Emotion Value. |
– TextEmotion | N10 Bytes | Text Emotion Value. |
– SpeechEmotion | N11 Bytes | Speech Emotion Value. |
– FaceEmotion | N12 Bytes | Face Emotion Value. |
– GestureCogState | N13 Bytes | Gesture Emotion Value. |
DescrMetadata | N14 Bytes | Descriptive Metadata |