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Terms beginning with a capital letter have the meaning defined in Table 1. Terms beginning with a small letter have the meaning commonly defined for the context in which they are used. For instance, Table 1 defines Object and Scene but does not define object and scene.
A dash “-” preceding a Term in Table 1 indicates the following readings according to the font:
- Normal font: the Term in the table without a dash and preceding the one with a dash should be read before that Term. For example, “Avatar” and “- Model” will yield “Avatar Model.”
- Italic font: the Term in Table 1 without a dash and preceding the one with a dash should be read after that Term. For example, “Avatar” and “- Portable” will yield “Portable Avatar.”
Table 1 – Table of terms and definitions
| Term | Definition |
| Attitude | |
| – Social | The coded representation of the internal state related to the way a human or avatar intends to position vis-à-vis the Environment or subsets of it, e.g., “Respectful”, “Confrontational”, “Soothing”. |
| – Spatial | Position and Orientation and their velocities and accelerations of an Audio and Visual Object in a Virtual Environment. |
| Audio | Digital representation of an analogue audio signal sampled at a frequency between 8-192 kHz with a number of bits/sample between 8 and 32, and non-linear and linear quantisation. |
| – Object | Coded representation of Audio information with its metadata. An Audio Object can be a combination of Audio Objects. |
| – Scene | The Audio Objects of an Environment with Object location metadata. |
| Audio-Visual Object | Coded representation of Audio-Visual information with its metadata. An Audio-Visual Object can be a combination of Audio-Visual Objects. |
| Audio-Visual Scene | (AV Scene) The Audio-Visual Objects of an Environment with Object location metadata. |
| Avatar | An animated 3D object representing a real or fictitious person in a Virtual Space. |
| – Model | An inanimate avatar exposing interfaces enabling animation. |
| Cognitive State | The coded representation of the internal state reflecting the way a human or avatar understands the Environment, such as “Confused”, “Dubious”, “Convinced”. |
| Colour (of speech) | The timber of an identifiable voice independent of a current Personal Status and language. |
| Connected Autonomous Vehicle | A vehicle able to autonomously reach an assigned geographical position by:
1. Understanding human utterances. 2. Planning a route. 3. Sensing and interpreting the Environment. 4. Exchanging information with other CAV. 5. Acting on the CAV’s motion actuation subsystem. |
| Data | Information in digital form. |
| – Format | The standard digital representation of Data. |
| – Type | An instance of Data with a specific Data Format. |
| Descriptor | Coded representation of text, audio, speech, or visual feature. |
| Digital Representation | Data corresponding to and representing a real entity. |
| Emotion | The coded representation of the internal state resulting from the interaction of a human or avatar with the Environment or subsets of it, such as “Angry”, “Sad”, “Determined”. |
| Entity | A real or Digital Human |
| Environment | A Virtual Space containing a Scene. |
| Face | The portion of a 2D or 3D digital representation corresponding to the face of a human. |
| Factor | One of Emotion, Cognitive State and Attitude. |
| Gesture | A movement of the body or part of it, such as the head, arm, hand, and finger, often a complement to a vocal utterance. |
| Grade | The intensity of a Factor. |
| Human | A human being in a real space. |
| – Digital | A Digitised or a Virtual Human in a Virtual Space. |
| – Digitised | An Object in a Virtual Space that has the appearance of a specific human when rendered. |
| – Virtual | An Object in a Virtual Space created by a computer that has a human appearance when rendered but is not a Digitised Human. |
| Identifier | The label uniquely associated with a human or an avatar or an object. |
| Instance | An element of a set of entities – Objects, users etc. – belonging to some levels in a hierarchical classification (taxonomy). |
| Intention | The result of analysis of the goal of an input question. |
| Manifestation | The manner of showing the Personal Status, or a subset of it, in any one of Speech, Face, and Gesture. |
| Meaning | Information extracted from Text such as syntactic and semantic information, Personal Status, and other information, such as an Object Identifier. |
| Modality | One of Text, Speech, Face, or Gesture. |
| Object Descriptor | An individual attribute of the coded representation of an object in a Scene, including its Spatial Attitude. |
| Orientation | The set of the 3 roll, pitch, yaw angles indicating the rotation around the principal axis (x) of an Object, its y axis having an angle of 90˚ counterclockwise (right-to-left) with the x axis and its z axis pointing up toward the viewer. |
| Personal Status | The ensemble of information internal to a person, including Emotion, Cognitive State, and Attitude. |
| Pitch | The fundamental frequency of Speech. Pitch is the attribute that makes it possible to judge sounds as “higher” and “lower.” |
| Point of View | The Spatial Attitude of a human or avatar looking at an Environment. |
| Position | The 3 coordinates (x,y,z) of a representative point of an object in the Real and Virtual Space. |
| Refined Text | The Text resulting from the analysis of the Text produced by Automatic Speech Recognition made by Natural Language Understanding. |
| Scene | A structured composition of Objects. |
| Speech | Digital representation of analogue speech sampled at a frequency between 8 kHz and 96 kHz with a number of bits/sample of 8, 16 and 24, and non-linear and linear quantisation. |
| – Features | Aspects of a speech segment that enable its description and reproduction, e.g., degree of vocal tension, Pitch, etc., and that can be automatically recognised and extracted for speech synthesis or other related purposes. |
| – Rate | The number of Speech Units per second. |
| – Unit | Phoneme, syllable, or word as a segment of Speech. |
| Summary | An abridged outline of the content of the utterance(s) of one or more Users possibly including their Personal Statuses. |
| Text | A sequence of characters drawn from a finite alphabet. |
| Visual Object | Coded representation of Visual information with its metadata. A Video Object can be a combination of Video Objects. |
| Vocal Gesture | Utterance, such as cough, laugh, hesitation, etc. Lexical elements are excluded. |
